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- Даниэль Дефо
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- Робинзон Крузо
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Robinson Crusoe
I
was
born
in
the
year
1632
,
in
the
city
of
York
,
of
a
good
family
,
though
not
of
that
country
,
my
father
being
a
foreigner
of
Bremen
,
who
settled
first
at
Hull
.
He
got
a
good
estate
by
merchandise
,
and
leaving
off
his
trade
,
lived
afterwards
at
York
,
from
whence
he
had
married
my
mother
,
whose
relations
were
named
Robinson
,
a
very
good
family
in
that
country
,
and
from
whom
I
was
called
Robinson
Kreutznaer
;
but
,
by
the
usual
corruption
of
words
in
England
,
we
are
now
called
-
nay
we
call
ourselves
and
write
our
name
-
Crusoe
;
and
so
my
companions
always
called
me
.
I
had
two
elder
brothers
,
one
of
whom
was
lieutenantcolonel
to
an
English
regiment
of
foot
in
Flanders
,
formerly
commanded
by
the
famous
Colonel
Lockhart
,
and
was
killed
at
the
battle
near
Dunkirk
against
the
Spaniards
.
What
became
of
my
second
brother
I
never
knew
,
any
more
than
my
father
or
mother
knew
what
became
of
me
.
Being
the
third
son
of
the
family
and
not
bred
to
any
trade
,
my
head
began
to
be
filled
very
early
with
rambling
thoughts
.
My
father
,
who
was
very
ancient
,
had
given
me
a
competent
share
of
learning
,
as
far
as
house-education
and
a
country
free
school
generally
go
,
and
designed
me
for
the
law
;
but
I
would
be
satisfied
with
nothing
but
going
to
sea
;
and
my
inclination
to
this
led
me
so
strongly
against
the
will
,
nay
,
the
commands
of
my
father
,
and
against
all
the
entreaties
and
persuasions
of
my
mother
and
other
friends
,
that
there
seemed
to
be
something
fatal
in
that
propensity
of
nature
,
tending
directly
to
the
life
of
misery
which
was
to
befall
me
.
My
father
,
a
wise
and
grave
man
,
gave
me
serious
and
excellent
counsel
against
what
he
foresaw
was
my
design
.
He
called
me
one
morning
into
his
chamber
,
where
he
was
confined
by
the
gout
,
and
expostulated
very
warmly
with
me
upon
this
subject
.
He
asked
me
what
reasons
,
more
than
a
mere
wandering
inclination
,
I
had
for
leaving
father
's
house
and
my
native
country
,
where
I
might
be
well
introduced
,
and
had
a
prospect
of
raising
my
fortune
by
application
and
industry
,
with
a
life
of
ease
and
pleasure
.
He
told
me
it
was
men
of
desperate
fortunes
on
one
hand
,
or
of
aspiring
,
superior
fortunes
on
the
other
,
who
went
abroad
upon
adventures
,
to
rise
by
enterprise
,
and
make
themselves
famous
in
undertakings
of
a
nature
out
of
the
common
road
;
that
these
things
were
all
either
too
far
above
me
or
too
far
below
me
;
that
mine
was
the
middle
state
,
or
what
might
be
called
the
upper
station
of
low
life
,
which
he
had
found
,
by
long
experience
,
was
the
best
state
in
the
world
,
the
most
suited
to
human
happiness
,
not
exposed
to
the
miseries
and
hardships
,
the
labour
and
sufferings
of
the
mechanic
part
of
mankind
,
and
not
embarrassed
with
the
pride
,
luxury
,
ambition
,
and
envy
of
the
upper
part
of
mankind
.
He
told
me
I
might
judge
of
the
happiness
of
this
state
by
this
one
thing
-
viz
.
that
this
was
the
state
of
life
which
all
other
people
envied
;
that
kings
have
frequently
lamented
the
miserable
consequence
of
being
born
to
great
things
,
and
wished
they
had
been
placed
in
the
middle
of
the
two
extremes
,
between
the
mean
and
the
great
;
that
the
wise
man
gave
his
testimony
to
this
,
as
the
standard
of
felicity
,
when
he
prayed
to
have
neither
poverty
nor
riches
.
He
bade
me
observe
it
,
and
I
should
always
find
that
the
calamities
of
life
were
shared
among
the
upper
and
lower
part
of
mankind
,
but
that
the
middle
station
had
the
fewest
disasters
,
and
was
not
exposed
to
so
many
vicissitudes
as
the
higher
or
lower
part
of
mankind
;
nay
,
they
were
not
subjected
to
so
many
distempers
and
uneasinesses
,
either
of
body
or
mind
,
as
those
were
who
,
by
vicious
living
,
luxury
,
and
extravagances
on
the
one
hand
,
or
by
hard
labour
,
want
of
necessaries
,
and
mean
or
insufficient
diet
on
the
other
hand
,
bring
distemper
upon
themselves
by
the
natural
consequences
of
their
way
of
living
;
that
the
middle
station
of
life
was
calculated
for
all
kind
of
virtue
and
all
kind
of
enjoyments
;
that
peace
and
plenty
were
the
handmaids
of
a
middle
fortune
;
that
temperance
,
moderation
,
quietness
,
health
,
society
,
all
agreeable
diversions
,
and
all
desirable
pleasures
,
were
the
blessings
attending
the
middle
station
of
life
;
that
this
way
men
went
silently
and
smoothly
through
the
world
,
and
comfortably
out
of
it
,
not
embarrassed
with
the
labours
of
the
hands
or
of
the
head
,
not
sold
to
a
life
of
slavery
for
daily
bread
,
nor
harassed
with
perplexed
circumstances
,
which
rob
the
soul
of
peace
and
the
body
of
rest
,
nor
enraged
with
the
passion
of
envy
,
or
the
secret
burning
lust
of
ambition
for
great
things
;
but
,
in
easy
circumstances
,
sliding
gently
through
the
world
,
and
sensibly
tasting
the
sweets
of
living
,
without
the
bitter
;
feeling
that
they
are
happy
,
and
learning
by
every
day
's
experience
to
know
it
more
sensibly
.
After
this
he
pressed
me
earnestly
,
and
in
the
most
affectionate
manner
,
not
to
play
the
young
man
,
nor
to
precipitate
myself
into
miseries
which
nature
,
and
the
station
of
life
I
was
born
in
,
seemed
to
have
provided
against
;
that
I
was
under
no
necessity
of
seeking
my
bread
;
that
he
would
do
well
for
me
,
and
endeavour
to
enter
me
fairly
into
the
station
of
life
which
he
had
just
been
recommending
to
me
;
and
that
if
I
was
not
very
easy
and
happy
in
the
world
,
it
must
be
my
mere
fate
or
fault
that
must
hinder
it
;
and
that
he
should
have
nothing
to
answer
for
,
having
thus
discharged
his
duty
in
warning
me
against
measures
which
he
knew
would
be
to
my
hurt
;
in
a
word
,
that
as
he
would
do
very
kind
things
for
me
if
I
would
stay
and
settle
at
home
as
he
directed
,
so
he
would
not
have
so
much
hand
in
my
misfortunes
as
to
give
me
any
encouragement
to
go
away
;
and
to
close
all
,
he
told
me
I
had
my
elder
brother
for
an
example
,
to
whom
he
had
used
the
same
earnest
persuasions
to
keep
him
from
going
into
the
Low
Country
wars
,
but
could
not
prevail
,
his
young
desires
prompting
him
to
run
into
the
army
,
where
he
was
killed
;
and
though
he
said
he
would
not
cease
to
pray
for
me
,
yet
he
would
venture
to
say
to
me
,
that
if
I
did
take
this
foolish
step
,
God
would
not
bless
me
,
and
I
should
have
leisure
hereafter
to
reflect
upon
having
neglected
his
counsel
when
there
might
be
none
to
assist
in
my
recovery
.
I
observed
in
this
last
part
of
his
discourse
,
which
was
truly
prophetic
,
though
I
suppose
my
father
did
not
know
it
to
be
so
himself
-
I
say
,
I
observed
the
tears
run
downhis
face
very
plentifully
,
especially
when
he
spoke
of
my
brother
who
was
killed
:
and
that
when
he
spoke
of
my
having
leisure
to
repent
,
and
none
to
assist
me
,
he
was
so
moved
that
he
broke
off
the
discourse
,
and
told
me
his
heart
was
so
full
he
could
say
no
more
to
me
.
