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To Kill a Mockingbird
When
he
was
nearly
thirteen
,
my
brother
Jem
got
his
arm
badly
broken
at
the
elbow
.
When
it
healed
,
and
Jem
’
s
fears
of
never
being
able
to
play
football
were
assuaged
,
he
was
seldom
self
-
conscious
about
his
injury
.
His
left
arm
was
somewhat
shorter
than
his
right
;
when
he
stood
or
walked
,
the
back
of
his
hand
was
at
right
angles
to
his
body
,
his
thumb
parallel
to
his
thigh
.
He
couldn
’
t
have
cared
less
,
so
long
as
he
could
pass
and
punt
.
When
enough
years
had
gone
by
to
enable
us
to
look
back
on
them
,
we
sometimes
discussed
the
events
leading
to
his
accident
.
I
maintain
that
the
Ewells
started
it
all
,
but
Jem
,
who
was
four
years
my
senior
,
said
it
started
long
before
that
.
He
said
it
began
the
summer
Dill
came
to
us
,
when
Dill
first
gave
us
the
idea
of
making
Boo
Radley
come
out
.
I
said
if
he
wanted
to
take
a
broad
view
of
the
thing
,
it
really
began
with
Andrew
Jackson
.
If
General
Jackson
hadn
’
t
run
the
Creeks
up
the
creek
,
Simon
Finch
would
never
have
paddled
up
the
Alabama
,
and
where
would
we
be
if
he
hadn
’
t
?
We
were
far
too
old
to
settle
an
argument
with
a
fist
-
fight
,
so
we
consulted
Atticus
.
Our
father
said
we
were
both
right
.
Being
Southerners
,
it
was
a
source
of
shame
to
some
members
of
the
family
that
we
had
no
recorded
ancestors
on
either
side
of
the
Battle
of
Hastings
.
All
we
had
was
Simon
Finch
,
a
fur
-
trapping
apothecary
from
Cornwall
whose
piety
was
exceeded
only
by
his
stinginess
.
In
England
,
Simon
was
irritated
by
the
persecution
of
those
who
called
themselves
Methodists
at
the
hands
of
their
more
liberal
brethren
,
and
as
Simon
called
himself
a
Methodist
,
he
worked
his
way
across
the
Atlantic
to
Philadelphia
,
thence
to
Jamaica
,
thence
to
Mobile
,
and
up
the
Saint
Stephens
.
Mindful
of
John
Wesley
’
s
strictures
on
the
use
of
many
words
in
buying
and
selling
,
Simon
made
a
pile
practicing
medicine
,
but
in
this
pursuit
he
was
unhappy
lest
he
be
tempted
into
doing
what
he
knew
was
not
for
the
glory
of
God
,
as
the
putting
on
of
gold
and
costly
apparel
.
So
Simon
,
having
forgotten
his
teacher
’
s
dictum
on
the
possession
of
human
chattels
,
bought
three
slaves
and
with
their
aid
established
a
homestead
on
the
banks
of
the
Alabama
River
some
forty
miles
above
Saint
Stephens
.
He
returned
to
Saint
Stephens
only
once
,
to
find
a
wife
,
and
with
her
established
a
line
that
ran
high
to
daughters
.
Simon
lived
to
an
impressive
age
and
died
rich
.
It
was
customary
for
the
men
in
the
family
to
remain
on
Simon
’
s
homestead
,
Finch
’
s
Landing
,
and
make
their
living
from
cotton
.
The
place
was
self
-
sufficient
:
modest
in
comparison
with
the
empires
around
it
,
the
Landing
nevertheless
produced
everything
required
to
sustain
life
except
ice
,
wheat
flour
,
and
articles
of
clothing
,
supplied
by
river
-
boats
from
Mobile
.
Simon
would
have
regarded
with
impotent
fury
the
disturbance
between
the
North
and
the
South
,
as
it
left
his
descendants
stripped
of
everything
but
their
land
,
yet
the
tradition
of
living
on
the
land
remained
unbroken
until
well
into
the
twentieth
century
,
when
my
father
,
Atticus
Finch
,
went
to
Montgomery
to
read
law
,
and
his
younger
brother
went
to
Boston
to
study
medicine
.
Their
sister
Alexandra
was
the
Finch
who
remained
at
the
Landing
:
she
married
a
taciturn
man
who
spent
most
of
his
time
lying
in
a
hammock
by
the
river
wondering
if
his
trot
-
lines
were
full
.
When
my
father
was
admitted
to
the
bar
,
he
returned
to
Maycomb
and
began
his
practice
.
Maycomb
,
some
twenty
miles
east
of
Finch
’
s
Landing
,
was
the
county
seat
of
Maycomb
County
.
Atticus
’
s
office
in
the
courthouse
contained
little
more
than
a
hat
rack
,
a
spittoon
,
a
checkerboard
and
an
unsullied
Code
of
Alabama
.
His
first
two
clients
were
the
last
two
persons
hanged
in
the
Maycomb
County
jail
.
Atticus
had
urged
them
to
accept
the
state
’
s
generosity
in
allowing
them
to
plead
Guilty
to
second
-
degree
murder
and
escape
with
their
lives
,
but
they
were
Haverfords
,
in
Maycomb
County
a
name
synonymous
with
jackass
.
The
Haverfords
had
dispatched
Maycomb
’
s
leading
blacksmith
in
a
misunderstanding
arising
from
the
alleged
wrongful
detention
of
a
mare
,
were
imprudent
enough
to
do
it
in
the
presence
of
three
witnesses
,
and
insisted
that
the
-
son
-
of
-
a
-
bitch
-
had
-
it
-
coming
-
to
-
him
was
a
good
enough
defense
for
anybody
.
They
persisted
in
pleading
Not
Guilty
to
first
-
degree
murder
,
so
there
was
nothing
much
Atticus
could
do
for
his
clients
except
be
present
at
their
departure
,
an
occasion
that
was
probably
the
beginning
of
my
father
’
s
profound
distaste
for
the
practice
of
criminal
law
.
During
his
first
five
years
in
Maycomb
,
Atticus
practiced
economy
more
than
anything
;
for
several
years
thereafter
he
invested
his
earnings
in
his
brother
’
s
education
.
John
Hale
Finch
was
ten
years
younger
than
my
father
,
and
chose
to
study
medicine
at
a
time
when
cotton
was
not
worth
growing
;
but
after
getting
Uncle
Jack
started
,
Atticus
derived
a
reasonable
income
from
the
law
.
He
liked
Maycomb
,
he
was
Maycomb
County
born
and
bred
;
he
knew
his
people
,
they
knew
him
,
and
because
of
Simon
Finch
’
s
industry
,
Atticus
was
related
by
blood
or
marriage
to
nearly
every
family
in
the
town
.
